Case Report

Hepatic pulmonary fusion: a rare case report

Yewei Xie

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Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome presenting after necrotizing enterocolitis in a preterm neonate: a case report

Yan Lu, Zhi-Qun Zhang

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Osteoarticular manifestations as initial symptoms of WD with novel compound heterozygote mutations in the ATP7B gene: a case report

Jia Li, Qing Lu, Jianyu Yu, Min Ji, Liangjing Lu

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Clinical features of sodium-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide deficiency in pediatric patients: case series and literature review

Ting-Ting Zou, Yu Zhu, Chao-Min Wan, Qiong Liao

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A novel frameshift mutation in the FGD1 gene causing Aarskog-Scott syndrome patient with hypogonadism: a case report

Hongshuai Jia, Tiantian Ma, Ziqin Liu, Yuru Ouyang, Chunsheng Hao

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A neonate with molybdenum cofactor deficiency type B

Yuanyuan Lin, Yanli Liu, Si Chen, Jianghu Zhu, Yumei Huang, Zhenlang Lin, Shangqin Chen

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Lateral ventricular medulloepithelioma in children: a case report

Hong You, Jiangtao Dong, Jian Xu, Dong Zhao, Qi Liu

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Editorial

Introduction to the series: pre- natal diagnosis in congenital heart defects

Antonio F. Corno

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Editorial: a practical paediatric neuroradiology guide for trainees and fellows

Felice D’Arco

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Editorial Commentary

Leadership skills in radiology: five basic principles

Kshitij Mankad, Harshita Mankad Varghese

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Pandemic considerations in pediatric critical care: what can we learn from COVID-19?

Tiantian Xiao, Ye Cheng, Gouping Lu, Wenhao Zhou

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Original Article

A prediction model for risk factors of testicular atrophy after orchiopexy in children with undescended testis

Zhilin Yang, Shoulin Li, Jianchun Yin, Jiming Bao, Hongwu Zeng, Wanhua Xu, Xuan Zhang, Zhihao Xing, Weiguang Zhao, Cundong Liu

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The long-term observation in Chinese children with monocular myelinated retinal nerve fibers, myopia and amblyopia

Yang Shen, Jing Zhao, Ling Sun, Li Zeng, Zhi Chen, Mi Tian, Xingtao Zhou

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Changes in pediatric healthcare utilization in Hunan Province, China, during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-center cross-sectional study

Haipeng Yan, Xun Li, Xiulan Lu, Saizhen Zeng, Yuanhong Yuan, Xian Hu, Yimin Zhu, Zhenghui Xiao

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A comparison of the growth status, level of blood glucose, and lipid metabolism in small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age girls with central precocious puberty: a retrospective study

Xiao Yu, Xi Yang, Yue Zhao, Xiao-Ping Luo, Yan Liang, Wei Wu, Yan-Qin Ying, Feng Ye, Ling Hou

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Clinical application of fractional exhaled nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide levels for the assess eosinophilic inflammation of allergic rhinitis among children

Jia-Ying Luo, Hui-An Chen, Jing Ma, Yong-Xin Xiao, Jing-Jiong Yao, Jia-Min Liang, Ying-Si Du, Feng Wang, Bao-Qing Sun

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Acute peritoneal dialysis is an efficient and reliable alternative therapy in preterm neonates with acute kidney injury

Yan Xing, Kai Sheng, Hui Liu, Song Wu, Hongling Wei, Rui Li, Jing Wang, Zailing Li, Xiaomei Tong

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Comprehensive analysis of clinical spectrum and genotype associations in Chinese and literature reported KBG syndrome

Qiuyue Li, Chengjun Sun, Lin Yang, Wei Lu, Feihong Luo

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Laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure with peritoneum reinforcement repair for pediatric inguinal hernia: a single-center experience with over 2,000 patients

Shouxing Duan, Peijian Zhang, Xiaobin Lin, Lian Zheng

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Neonatal outcome of small for gestational age infants born at 26–33 weeks’ gestation in Chinese neonatal intensive care units

Yihuang Huang, Lan Zhang, Huiqing Sun, Cuiqing Liu, Yi Yang, Shoo K. Lee, Yun Cao, Siyuan Jiang, on behalf of the Reduction of Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Units using the Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality (REIN-EPIQ) Study Group

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Clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of mediastinal neuroblastoma with intraspinal extension: a retrospective study

Jue Tang, Dan Zhang, Ying-Yi Xu, Xin-Ke Xu, Feng-Hua Wang, Jia-Hang Zeng, Jiang-Hua Liang, Wei Liu, Le Li

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Clinical implications of TPO and AOX1 in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma

Yongbo Yu, Shengcai Wang, Xuexi Zhang, Shuai Xu, Yanzhen Li, Qiaoyin Liu, Yeran Yang, Nian Sun, Yuanhu Liu, Jie Zhang, Yongli Guo, Xin Ni

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Comparative study of one-stage and the novel two-stage urethroplasty using the transected urethral plate and transverse preputial island flap (TPIF) for severe hypospadias: a single-center experience

Xiaojiang Zhu, Liqu Huang, Jun Wang, Haobo Zhu, Chenjun Chen, Lixia Wang, Yongji Deng, Geng Ma, Yunfei Guo, Zheng Ge

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Factors affecting successful use of intranasal dexmedetomidine: a cohort study from a national paediatrics tertiary centre

Lijia Fan, Yinghao Lim, Gloria Songmei Wong, Ryan Taylor

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The effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy on thyroid function in pediatric patients with growth hormone deficiency

Qian Yao, Dong Zheng, Yan Liang, Ling Hou, Yan-Qin Ying, Xiao-Ping Luo, Wei Wu

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Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome in neonates: report of fourteen new cases and a review of the literature

Mei Mei, Lin Yang, Yulan Lu, Laishuan Wang, Guoqiang Cheng, Yun Cao, Chao Chen, Liling Qian, Wenhao Zhou

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Characteristics of the intestinal microbiota and metabolism in infants with extrauterine growth restriction

Sainan Fan, Kun Zhang, Anping Lv, Yanan Ma, Xiaohui Fang, Jinping Zhang

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Efficacy and tolerability of lamotrigine in the treatment of focal epilepsy among children and adolescents: a meta-analysis

Lang Ji, Yitong Chen, Zhi Mao, Rui Chen, Jianzhao Zhang, Bojing Tan, Linghui Meng

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The role and mechanism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ in regulating the Rho-kinase signaling pathway in asthmatic rats

Wei-Min Tian, Wei-Wei Chen, Yu Chen, Chen-Xi Lin, Jin-Xian Huang, Ya-Ping Song, Yun-Gang Yang

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Investigation of the association between imbalance of the intestinal flora and infantile spasms: a pilot case-control study

Lin Wan, Guang Yang, Shan Zhang, Yulin Sun, Zhichao Li, Jing Wang, Xiuyu Shi, Liping Zou

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Composition characteristics of the gut microbiota in infants and young children of under 6 years old between Beijing and Japan

Chang-E Liu, Yuan-Ming Pan, Zhen-Lan Du, Cong Wu, Xiao-Yang Hong, Yan-Hui Sun, Hai-Feng Li, Jie Liu

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Review Article

Ethical issues after pre-natal diagnosis

Antonio F. Corno

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Abdominal wall defects

Christina M. Bence, Amy J. Wagner

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Impacts of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases on outcomes

Damien Bonnet

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Cranial ultrasound for beginners

Pablo Caro-Domínguez, Catalina Lecacheux, Cristina Hernandez-Herrera, Roberto Llorens-Salvador

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Building a culture of early mobilization in the pediatric intensive care unit—a nuts and bolts approach

Brenda M. Morrow

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Brain fetal neuroradiology: a beginner’s guide

Giulia Moltoni, Giacomo Talenti, Andrea Righini

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Imaging of brain tumors in children: the basics—a narrative review

Lucas Lopes Resende, César Augusto Pinheiro Ferreira Alves

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A narrative review of in utero gene therapy: advances, challenges, and future considerations

Nicholas K. Yung, Nathan L. Maassel, Sarah J. Ullrich, Adele S. Ricciardi, David H. Stitelman

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Counseling for fetal heart disease—current standards and best practice

Alexander Kovacevic, Michael Elsässer, Herbert Fluhr, Andreas Müller, Sebastian Starystach, Stefan Bär, Matthias Gorenflo

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Placental abnormalities in congenital heart disease

Nickie N. Andescavage, Catherine Limperopoulos

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Neurovascular disorders in children: an updated practical guide

Richa Sinha, Saipriya Ramji

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Fetal myelomeningocele repair: a narrative review of the history, current controversies and future directions

Kaeli J. Yamashiro, Diana L. Farmer

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Update on the use of sildenafil in neonatal pulmonary hypertension: a narrative review of the history, current administration, and future directions

Zhenyu Li, Xiaoming Lv, Qinmei Liu, Dan Dang, Hui Wu

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Development of an artificial placenta for support of premature infants: narrative review of the history, recent milestones, and future innovation

Brian P. Fallon, George B. Mychaliska

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MRI studies of brain size and growth in individuals with congenital heart disease

Alexandra F. Bonthrone, Christopher J. Kelly, Isabel H. X. Ng, Serena J. Counsell

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Modern fetal surgery—a historical review of the happenings that shaped modern fetal surgery and its practices

Lauren L. Evans, Michael R. Harrison

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A narrative review of Poland’s syndrome: theories of its genesis, evolution and its diagnosis and treatment

Eman Awadh Abduladheem Hashim, Bin Huey Quek, Suresh Chandran

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Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects: echocardiography

Heather Y. Sun

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Narrative review of epilepsy: getting the most out of your neuroimaging

Andrea De Vito, Kshitij Mankad, Suresh Pujar, Aswin Chari, Davide Ippolito, Felice D’Arco

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Sedation protocols in the pediatric intensive care unit: fact or fiction?

Corrine R. Balit, Jessica M. LaRosa, Jacqueline S. M. Ong, Sapna R. Kudchadkar

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Pre-operative imaging and post-operative appearance of standard paediatric neurosurgical approaches: a training guide for neuroradiologists

Mario Ganau, Shailendra A. Magdum, Amedeo Calisto

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Maternal hyperoxygenation in congenital heart disease

Fu-Tsuen Lee, Davide Marini, Mike Seed, Liqun Sun

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Fetal interventions for congenital renal anomalies

Ahmer Irfan, Elizabeth O’Hare, Eric Jelin

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A narrative review of advanced ventilator modes in the pediatric intensive care unit

Andrew G. Miller, Renee M. Bartle, Alexandra Feldman, Palen Mallory, Edith Reyes, Briana Scott, Alexandre T. Rotta

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Rationing in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit—ethical or unethical?

Lynette Kirby, Shreerupa Basu, Eliana Close, Melanie Jansen

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Clinico-radiological phenotyping and diagnostic pathways in childhood neurometabolic disorders—a practical introductory guide

Asthik Biswas, Mukul Malhotra, Kshitij Mankad, Olivia Carney, Felice D’Arco, Karthik Muthusamy, Sniya Valsa Sudhakar

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Enteral feeding and the microbiome in critically ill children: a narrative review

Lijia Fan, Jan Hau Lee

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Fetal brain issues in congenital heart disease

Fu-Tsuen Lee, Mike Seed, Liqun Sun, Davide Marini

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a narrative review of controversies in neonatal management

Michelle J. Yang, Katie W. Russell, Bradley A. Yoder, Stephen J. Fenton

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Narrative review of congenital lung lesions

Shaun M. Kunisaki

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Potential therapeutics in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: what does the immune system have to offer? A narrative review

Nadir Yehya

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Challenges and Solutions in translating sepsis guidelines into practice in resource-limited settings

Suchitra Ranjit, Niranjan Kissoon

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Fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion for congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a narrative review of the history, current practice, and future directions

Erin E. Perrone, Jan A. Deprest

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The current state of prenatal detection of genetic conditions in congenital heart defects

Tina O. Findley, Hope Northrup

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A narrative review of skeletal muscle atrophy in critically ill children: pathogenesis and chronic sequelae

Chengsi Ong, Jan Hau Lee, Melvin K. S. Leow, Zudin A. Puthucheary

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Twin to twin transfusion syndrome

Jena L. Miller

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Multiple organ involvement and ICU considerations for the care of acute liver failure (ALF) and acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) in children

Leslie A. Mataya, Vijay Srinivasan, Elizabeth B. Rand, Alicia M. Alcamo

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Pediatric brain death certification: a narrative review

Nina Fainberg, Leslie Mataya, Matthew Kirschen, Wynne Morrison

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Letter to the Editor

The epidemiology of blood transfusion in hospitalized children: a national cross-sectional study in China

Kai Guo, Xin-Yu Wang, Guo-Shuang Feng, Jian Tian, Yue-Ping Zeng, Shu-Xuan Ma, Xin Ni, Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development (FRCPD)

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Consensus

Recommendations regarding the admission, infection prevention and control of pediatric patients during coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Shanghai China

Ying Huang, Feihong Luo, Qian Shen, Chuanqing Wang, Chongfan Zhang, Hong Xu

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