Focused Issue: The Pediatric Critical Care Continuum—Inside and Outside the Four Walls of the ICU edited by Drs. Derek S. Wheeler and Erika L. Stalets

This issue of Translational Pediatrics presents a diverse collection of articles relevant to the practice of pediatric critical care medicine. Some topics will be familiar and serve as a current state review of pediatric critical care fundamentals. Others will challenge us to step outside the four walls of the ICU and view the continuum of pediatric critical care more broadly. With perspectives on health policy, work force challenges, pandemic planning, handoffs, and post-ICU transitions, among others, this issue highlights aspects of the changing pediatric critical care landscape. With increased understanding about these important topics, we become better equipped to change the care delivery system.

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Focused Issue: Innovative Technologies and Techniques in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

In this special issue, we have outstanding contributions from world leaders that concern innovations in surgical procedures (aortic and common atrioventricular valve repairs), perioperative planning and care (three-dimensional printing of models and predictive analytics for postoperative care), cardiopulmonary bypass, and mechanical circulatory support. Furthermore, we have highly innovative contributions regarding mitochondrial transplantation, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineered vascular grafts for pediatric patients with heart disease.

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Externally applied compression therapy for Fontan patients

Figure 3 NormaTec PCD action. Initial compression of the feet and ankles results in an upward push of blood volume that is supported by subsequent compartment compressions from 2 to 5. PCD, pneumatic compression device.

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TP Annual Report 2017

We are glad to present you the 2017 Annual Report of the journal Translational Pediatrics (TP) here. In the year of 2017, TP has made some progress by the join-efforts of all contributors. More information is shown in the Annual Report.

We also would like to give our sincere thanks to all editorial board members, reviewers, authors and readers. Wish you all a happy, healthy and prosperous 2018!

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Focused Issue: Endocrine Disorders

In this Translational Pediatrics issue, we focus on pediatric endocrinology in an effort to provide medical students, residents, primary care providers, and pediatric endocrinologists with numerous high-yield principles relevant to daily patient care and management. The topics covered span a broad array of clinical conditions across multiple age groups, ranging from infancy to young adulthood. 

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Focused Issue: Clinical Practice of Pediatric Sports Medicine edited by Dr. Dilip R. Patel

The field of pediatric sports medicine has evolved from a wide array of different basic science and clinical disciplines. By its very nature, the practice of sports medicine requires collaboration among multiple disciplines. The goal of this focused issue on the clinical practice of pediatric practice of sports medicine is to provide the reader with basic information on various topics directly relevant to clinical practice.

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Adult-onset deletion of the Prader-Willi syndrome susceptibility gene Snord116 in mice results in reduced feeding and increased fat mass

Figure 1 Conditional knockdown of Snord116. Expression levels of hypothalamic Snord116 mRNA in experimental and control mice, detected by in situ hybridisation, demonstrating partial deletion of Snord116. **, P<0.01; data expressed as mean ± SE.

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The dilemma of diagnostic testing for Prader-Willi syndrome

Figure 2 The three molecular classes of PWS. Blue chromosome is paternal, pink is maternal. The yellow circle represents the 4–6 Mb critical region for PWS. The open circles indicate an active gene, the red cross an inactive (imprinted) gene. The black box indicates an IC defect. PWS, Prader-Willi syndrome; CI, imprinting centre.

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Primary extrapulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in an immunocompetent child presenting with pleural effusion

Figure 2 CECT chest showing moderate to gross left sided pleural effusion.

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